Catalog numbers beginning with "CAC" are antibodies from our exclusive Cosmo Bio Antibody Collection. Visit the CAC Antibody homepage to browse the collection list, organized by research topic.
Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD)-specific mAb TDM-2 was cloned by fusing mouse myeloma cells with splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with methylated BSA conjugated with UVC-irradiated calf thymus DNA. TDM-2 binds CPDs in denatured DNA from all organisms from bacteria to human and is validated for ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence.
Background
DNA damage in cells exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays significant roles in cell-cycle arrest, activation of DNA repair, cell killing, mutation, and neoplastic transformation. The major types of DNA damage induced by UVB (280-315 nm, component of sunlight) and by UVC (200-280 nm) are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and (6-4) photoproducts (6-4PPs), which are formed between adjacent pyrimidine nucleotides on the same strand of DNA. Approximately 70-80% of UV-induced DNA damage is CPDs and the remainder is 6-4PPs and Dewar isomers of 6-4PPs. In normal human cells, these types of DNA lesions are repaired by the nucleotide excision repair system.
(19) have established monoclonal antibodies specific for CPDs and 6-4PPs. These antibodies enable quantitation of photoproducts in DNA purified from cultured cells or from the skin epidermis by ELISA and to visualize and measure photoproducts in DNA in cultured cells or the skin by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). This technology will contribute to studies of molecular mechanisms of cellular responses to UV and DNA damage in many research fields including cancer research, photobiology, dermatology, ophthalmology, immunology, and cosmetology.
Reactivity
- CPDs in single-stranded DNA
- CPDs formed in every dipyrimidine sequence (TT, TC, CT and CC)
- CPDs formed in oligonucleotides consisting of more than eight bases
Applications
- Immunocytochemistry 1:1500
- ELISA 1:1000
Source
The CPD-specific hybridoma (clone TDM-2) was established by fusion of mouse myeloma cells with splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with methylated BSA conjugated with UVC-irradiated calf thymus DNA. Hybridoma culture supernatant was collected and precipitated with ice-cold ammonium sulfate. After centrifugation, the pellet, dissolved in small volume of double-distilled water, was dialyzed against PBS and lyophilized.
Formulation
- Lyophilate to be reconstituted in 100 ml of distilled water
- Contains no preservative
Storage
- Lyophilized form -20°C
- Reconstituted form -20°C
- Stable for at least 1 year; aliquot to avoid freezing and thawing
| Documents & Links for Anti-Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers (CPDs) mAb (Clone TDM-2) | |
| Datasheet | Anti CPDs mAb (Clone TDM-2) Datasheet |
| Documents & Links for Anti-Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers (CPDs) mAb (Clone TDM-2) | |
| Datasheet | Anti CPDs mAb (Clone TDM-2) Datasheet |
| Citations for Anti-Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers (CPDs) mAb (Clone TDM-2) – 50 Found |
| Ulbing et al. 2019. Melanism protects alpine zooplankton from DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. Proc Biol Sci. 286(1914):20192075. PubMed, Journal |
| Xu et al. 2019. Rat Model of Cockayne Syndrome Neurological Disease. Cell Rep. 29(4):800-809. PubMed, Journal |
| Dubey et al. 2019. Photoexcited triclosan induced DNA damage and oxidative stress via p38 MAP kinase signaling involving type I radicals under sunlight/UVB exposure. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 174:270-282. PubMed, Journal |
| Yang et al. 2019. The DNA repair domain of human rpS3 protects against photoaging by removing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. FEBS Lett. :. PubMed, Journal |
| Steurer et al. 2019. Fluorescently-labelled CPD and 6-4PP photolyases: new tools for live-cell DNA damage quantification and laser-assisted repair. Nuc Acid Res. 47(7):3536-49. Journal |
| Li et al. 2019. Nucleotide excision repair capacity increases during differentiation of human embryonic carcinoma cells into neurons and muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 294(15):5914-5922. PubMed, Journal |
| Fidrus et al. 2019. Silymarin: Friend or Foe of UV Exposed Keratinocytes?. Molecules. 24(9):E1652. PubMed, Journal |
| Chong et al. 2019. Identification of polyphenols that repair the ultraviolet-B-induced DNA damage via SIRT1-dependent XPC/XPA activation. J Functional Foods. 54:119-127. Journal |
| Piao et al. 2019. Horse Oil Mitigates Oxidative Damage to Human HaCaT Keratinocytes Caused by Ultraviolet B Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci. 20(6):E1490. PubMed, Journal |
| Jarrett et al. 2016. AKAP12 mediates PKA-induced phosphorylation of ATR to enhance nucleotide excision repair. Nucleic Acids Res. 44(22):10711-26. PubMed, Journal |
| Falcone Ferreyra et al. 2016. AtPDCD5 Plays a Role in Programmed Cell Death after UV-B Exposure in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 170(4):2444-60. PubMed, Journal |
| Gracheva et al. 2016. ZRF1 mediates remodeling of E3 ligases at DNA lesion sites during nucleotide excision repair. J Cell Biol. 213(2):185-200. PubMed, Journal |
| Canturk et al. 2016. Nucleotide excision repair by dual incisions in plants. PNAS. 113(17):4706-10. PubMed, Journal |
| Han et al. 2016. Differential DNA lesion formation and repair in heterochromatin and euchromatin. Carcinogenesis. 37(2):129-38. PubMed, Journal |
| Iwabuchi et al. 2016. Plant Nuclei Move to Escape Ultraviolet-Induced DNA Damage and Cell Death. Plant Physiol. 170(2):678-85. PubMed, Journal |
| Schuch et al. 2015. Molecular and sensory mechanisms to mitigate sunlight-induced DNA damage in treefrog tadpoles. J Exp Biol. 218:3059-67. PubMed, Journal |
| Fina et al. 2015. HAG3, a Histone Acetyltransferase, Affects UV-B Responses by Negatively Regulating the Expression of DNA Repair Enzymes and Sunscreen Content in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 56(7):1388-1400. PubMed, Journal |
| Lario et al. 2015. Role of AtMSH7 in UV-B-induced DNA damage recognition and recombination. J Exp Bot. 66(11):3019-26. PubMed, Journal |
| Weems et al. 2015. Assembly of the Elongin A Ubiquitin Ligase Is Regulated by Genotoxic and Other Stresses. J Biol Chem. 290:15030-41. PubMed, Journal |
| Lario et al. 2015. Role of AtMSH7 in UV-B-induced DNA damage recognition and recombination. J Exp Bot. 66(11):3019-26. PubMed, Journal |
| Harberts et al. 2015. Ultraviolet radiation signaling through TLR4/MyD88 constrains DNA repair and plays a role in cutaneous immunosuppression. J Immunol. 194(7):3127-35. PubMed, Journal |
| Matsumoto et al. 2015. Functional regulation of the DNA damage-recognition factor DDB2 by ubiquitination and interaction with xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein. Nucleic Acids Res. 43(3):1700-13. PubMed, Journal |
| Peacock et al. 2014. DNA repair inhibition by UVA photoactivated fluoroquinolones and vemurafenib. Nucleic Acids Res. 42(22):13714-22. PubMed, Journal |
| Hill et al. 2014. BRCA1 pathway function in basal-like breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol. 34(20):3828-42. PubMed, Journal |
| Liu et al. 2014. Human in vitro skin organ culture as a model system for evaluating DNA repair. J Dermatol Sci. 74(3):236-41. PubMed, Journal |
| Biswas et al. 2014. E2F1 responds to ultraviolet radiation by directly stimulating DNA repair and suppressing carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 74(12):3369-77. PubMed, Journal |
| Kim et al. 2014. Transcriptional repressor ZBTB1 promotes chromatin remodeling and translesion DNA synthesis. Mol Cell. 54(1):107-18. PubMed, Journal |
| Wolters et al. 2014. Loss of Caenorhabditis elegans BRCA1 promotes genome stability during replication in smc-5 mutants. Genetics. 196(4):985-99. PubMed, Journal |
| Lee et al. 2014. The contribution of mitochondrial thymidylate synthesis in preventing the nuclear genome stress. Nucleic Acids Res. 42(8):4972-84. PubMed, Journal |
| Lee et al. 2014. The contribution of mitochondrial thymidylate synthesis in preventing the nuclear genome stress. Nucleic Acids Res. 42(8):4972-84. PubMed, Journal |
| Choi et al. 2014. Highly specific and sensitive method for measuring nucleotide excision repair kinetics of ultraviolet photoproducts in human cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 42(4):e29. PubMed, Journal |
| Zavala et al. 2014. High-resolution characterization of CPD hotspot formation in human fibroblasts. Nucleic Acids Res. 42(2):893-905. PubMed, Journal |
| Lv et al. 2013. Mismatch repair protein MSH2 regulates translesion DNA synthesis following exposure of cells to UV radiation. Nucleic Acids Res. 41(22):10312-22. PubMed, Journal |
| Kuschal et al. 2013. Repair of UV photolesions in xeroderma pigmentosum group C cells induced by translational readthrough of premature termination codons. PNAS. 110(48):19483-8. PubMed, Journal |
| Campi et al. 2012. Participation of chromatin-remodeling proteins in the repair of ultraviolet-B-damaged DNA. Plant Physiol. 158(2):981-95. PubMed, Journal |
| Huang et al. 2012. Targeting protein-trafficking pathways alters melanoma treatment sensitivity. PNAS. 109(2):553-8. PubMed, Journal |
| Filip et al. 2011. The effects of grape seeds polyphenols on SKH-1 mice skin irradiated with multiple doses of UV-B. J Photochem Photobiol B. 105(2):133-42. PubMed, Journal |
| Cherubini et al. 2011. The FANC pathway is activated by adenovirus infection and promotes viral replication-dependent recombination. Nucleic Acids Res. 39(13):5459-73. PubMed, Journal |
| Han et al. 2011. Caffeine promotes ultraviolet B-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes without complete DNA repair. J Biol Chem. 286(1326):22825-32. PubMed, Journal |
| Lario et al. 2011. Regulation of plant MSH2 and MSH6 genes in the UV-B-induced DNA damage response. J Exp Bot. 62(8):2925-37. PubMed, Journal |
| Wong et al. 2011. Tumour suppressor ING1b maintains genomic stability upon replication stress. Nucleic Acids Res. 39(9):3632-42. PubMed, Journal |
| Wölfle et al. 2011. UVB-induced DNA damage, generation of reactive oxygen species, and inflammation are effectively attenuated by the flavonoid luteolin in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med. 50(9):1081-93. PubMed, Journal |
| Kraft et al. 2011. Immunological detection of UV induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and (6-4) photoproducts in DNA from reference bacteria and natural aquatic populations. J Microbiol Methods. 84(3):435-41. PubMed, Journal |
| Ishii et al. 2010. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen-dependent rapid recruitment of Cdt1 and CRL4Cdt2 at DNA-damaged sites after UV irradiation in HeLa cells. J Biol Chem. 285(53):41993-2000. PubMed, Journal |
| Ming et al. 2010. Regulation of global genome nucleotide excision repair by SIRT1 through xeroderma pigmentosum C. PNAS. 107(52):22623-8. PubMed, Journal |
| Suzuki et al. 2010. A novel and simple micro-irradiation technique for creating localized DNA double-strand breaks. Nucleic Acids Res. 38(12):e129. PubMed, Journal |
| Fan et al. 2010. SIRT1 regulates UV-induced DNA repair through deacetylating XPA. Mol Cell. 39(2):247-58. PubMed, Journal |
| Despras et al. 2010. ATR/Chk1 pathway is essential for resumption of DNA synthesis and cell survival in UV-irradiated XP variant cells. Hum Mol Genet. 19(9):1690-701. PubMed, Journal |
| Honda et al. 2009. Deficient deletion of apoptotic cells by macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) overexpression accelerates photocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 30(9):1597-606. PubMed, Journal |
| Reef et al. 2009. Photoreactivation is the main repair pathway for UV-induced DNA damage in coral planulae. J Exp Biol. 212(17):2760-6. PubMed, Journal |
